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ACNE

What is it?

One of the most common conditions, also known as pimples, spots, or zits. A disorder involving hair follicles and sebaceous glands, leading to clogged pores, pimples, or cysts.

Who gets acne?

Nearly all of us have acne vulgaris at some time or another. While it predominantly affects adolescents (as early as 8 years old), acne can persist or even develop for the first time in adulthood.

Causes
  • Hormonal Changes: Increased androgens during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or during IVF.
  • Bacterial Growth: Propionibacterium acnes grow in clogged follicles.
  • Skin Products: Use of oily or comedogenic products.
  • Stress and Friction: Tight clothing or excessive face-touching.
Symptoms
  • Blackheads and whiteheads (clogged follicles).
  • Papules, pustules, nodules, or cysts (inflamed lesions).
  • Found commonly on the face, neck, back, chest, and shoulders.
Treatment
  • Mild Acne: Topical benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids.
  • Moderate Acne: Systemic antibiotics like doxycycline or erythromycin.
  • Severe Acne: Oral isotretinoin, which reduces oil production and bacteria.
Prevention Tips
  • Use non-comedogenic skincare products.
  • Avoid scrubbing the skin too harshly or squeezing pimples.
  • Wash skin gently twice daily to remove excess oil.
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